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光伏板下奶牛“享清凉” 中国多地竞逐“光伏+”新赛道,光伏板下奶牛“享清凉” 中国多地竞逐“光伏+”新赛道_我的网站

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A | 　　合肥8月23日电(江婉琪赵强)在安徽省蚌埠市五河县朱顶镇，一些牛舍屋顶上铺满了深蓝色光伏板，正静静地把阳光转化为电流。与此同时，舍内奶牛正埋头啃食饲料。 On the one-year anniversary of US forces’ hasty withdrawal from Afghanistan after a 20-year deployment, there is renewed focus on the decision-making made by the Joe Biden administration that resulted in the swift fall of the Afghan government and the eventual return to power of the Taliban* Islamist group.,With the Democratic POTUS’ approval rating hitting historic lows and eating away at his party’s November midterm prospects, it is commonly believed that his handling of the Afghan crisis at the time of the pull-out created the momentum that began to drag down Americans’ confidence in Biden’s leadership.,The United States-led military offensive "Operation Enduring Freedom" was originally launched by former US President George W. Bush in pursuit of terrorists from Al Qaeda** - including leader Osama bin Laden - for masterminding the September 11, 2001 attacks in the US.,At the time, a series of four coordinated terrorist attacks by the Islamist terrorist group Al Qaeda killed 2,996 people in the US as hijackers crashed two planes into the World Trade Center, hijacking another that failed to reach its target, crashing in Shanksville, Pa., and a third that struck the west side of the Pentagon.,© AP Photo / AMY SANCETTASmoke billows from the North and South Towers of the World Trade Center before they collapsed on September 11, 2001 in New York, NYSmoke billows from the North and South Towers of the World Trade Center before they collapsed on September 11, 2001 in New York, NY© AP Photo / AMY SANCETTA,After suspicion fell onto Al Qaeda, the United States responded by launching the War on Terror and invading Afghanistan under the pretext that the Taliban had failed to comply with Washington’s demands to expel Al Qaeda from the country and extradite the terrorist group’s leader, Osama bin Laden. American-led forces overthrew the Kabul-based Taliban government, which had been in control of large parts of the country since 1996.,Bin Laden was eventually killed nearly a decade later, in 2011, by a group of Navy SEALs who raided his compound in Pakistan. As Washington's attempt to impose Western ideas and forms of government on the country increasingly failed and the situation deteriorated for the Western-backed government in Kabul, the Donald Trump administration opened peace talks with the Taliban.,In February 2020, the Donald Trump administration signed an agreement in Doha, Qatar, between the US and the Taliban on drawing down US involvement based on a "reduction in violence." The "Agreement for Bringing Peace to Afghanistan" set out a series of commitments from the US and the Taliban regarding troop levels, counterterrorism, and intra-Afghan dialogue seeking to bring about "a permanent and comprehensive ceasefire.",The deal stipulated a deadline of May 1 the next year for all US troops to leave the country.,However, in April 2021, President Joe Biden, just seven months into his presidency, unilaterally deviated from the peace deal by extending the timeframe to September 11 and ordered all troops to withdraw from the country by an end of August 2021 deadline, with his decision triggering chaos and bloodshed.,‘Failed Intel’,As the US military began their pull-out, sending home troops and equipment, the emboldened Taliban proceeded with a lightening-swift onslaught. They took over huge swathes of the country, facing little resistance and picking up weapons and vehicles paid for by the US government which Afghan government troops left behind.,US 'Lost Track' of Afghan War Aims, Says Retired Marine General12 August, 17:00 GMT,Afghan officials, including the country’s president, Ashraf Ghani, fled, as the country’s capital, Kabul, was taken over by the militants on August 15, 2021 in a matter of hours.,None of the US intelligence assessments had predicted such a swift collapse, with American officials insisting in June that Kabul could capitulate within six to 12 months after the start of the withdrawal. Amid reports of failed intel forecasts, then-Pentagon spokesman John Kirby acknowledged that security in some parts of Afghanistan was “certainly deteriorating, and that’s of concern.” Washington continued to emphasize “commitment to the people of Afghanistan” and the goal of “ensuring that Afghanistan never again becomes a safe haven for terrorist groups who pose a threat to the US homeland.”,Amid the developments, the Biden administration debated whether to delay the American departure from Bagram Air Base, 35 miles north of Kabul, but eventually opted to go ahead. Army Gen. Mark A. Milley, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, had told the House Armed Services Committee that “it is not necessary for the United States to stay at Bagram for what we’re going to try to do here with Afghanistan.”,Civilians Caught in Crossfire,As the Taliban regained full control, more than 120,000 people, including Afghans and foreigners, were frantically evacuated in a vast airlift operation from Kabul International airport. Thousands of Afghan citizens desperately sought to flee the country in fear of the Islamist group’s return to rule.,Exclusive- A clear video (from other angle) of men falling from C-17. They were Clinging to some parts of the plane that took off from Kabul airport today. #Talibans #Afghanistan #Afghanishtan pic.twitter.com/CMNW5ngqrK— Aśvaka - آسواکا News Agency (@AsvakaNews) August 16, 2021,Searing images from the capital’s airport showed desperate people trying to cling to the wings of planes that were taking off amid the huge airlift operation. Many Afghans who collaborated with the occupying US forces and feared retribution from the Islamist group were left behind in the hasty evacuation. Between 100 and 200 Americans remained in Afghanistan, despite wanting to get out.,© AP Photo / Wali SabawoonSmoke rises from a deadly explosion outside the airport in Kabul, Afghanistan, Thursday, Aug. 26, 2021. Smoke rises from a deadly explosion outside the airport in Kabul, Afghanistan, Thursday, Aug. 26, 2021. © AP Photo / Wali Sabawoon,Furthermore, 13 US troops were killed on August 26 in a suicide bomb attack blamed on an Afghan offshoot of Daesh***.,The explosive device detonated by a single bomber who was able to approach Kabul International Airport's Abbey Gate killed at least 170 Afghan civilians and 13 US service members. The bomber was not stopped as Afghans had begun using alternate routes to the gate due to the difficulty of getting through Taliban checkpoints.,In another deadly incident that marred the withdrawal, a botched US drone strike killed 10 civilians - seven of them children - on August 29.,WorldCIA Reportedly Warned US Military of Likely Presence of Children Near Afghan Drone Strike Target 19 September 2021, 08:56 GMT,The US claimed it had been targeting a Daesh operative with a car full of explosives linked to the terrorist group’s affiliate, planning an imminent attack on American forces during the final days of the evacuation. However, the man turned out to be a longtime Afghan aid worker, Zamarai Ahmadi, employed by Nutrition and Education International, a nongovernmental organization focused on food security.,Approximately three weeks after the strike, the military acknowledged its "tragic mistake," yet a subsequent Air Force review around the strike found "no violation of law, including the law of war.",The last US aircraft left Kabul on August 30, 2021.,AfghanistanKirby Under Fire After He 'Takes Issue With Premise' US Handed Afghanistan to 'Terrorist Group'3 August, 09:54 GMT,Joe Biden’s administration faced bipartisan criticism for the Afghan withdrawal.,On August 17, just two days after the fall of Kabul, National Security Adviser Jake Sullivan promised the White House would “conduct an extensive hot wash” and “look at every aspect of this from top to bottom.” But it remains unclear when any progress will be made by the congressionally-ordered bipartisan 16-member commission on the 20-year Afghan war, US media reported.,NBC News: Biden Admin Prepping Unified Message on Anniversary of Botched Afghan Withdrawal11 July, 16:09 GMT,The White House is believed to have geared up for congressional investigations into the Afghanistan withdrawal if Republicans win the House or the Senate in November’s midterm elections, according to sources cited in US media reports.,* The Taliban is an organization under UN sanctions over terrorist activities.,**Al-Qaeda is a terrorist group banned in Russia and many other countries.,*** Daesh, also known as ISIS/IS/Islamic State, is a terrorist group banned in Russia.。　　今年7月，亚洲最大单体规模化奶牛牧场屋顶牧光互补项目在安徽正式投产，总铺设面积56万平方米，采用牛舍屋顶集中式光伏建设形式，全程不新增占用土地资源。该项目日最高发电量达30万千瓦时，预计全年发电量约8000万千瓦时。　　“‘亚洲最大’主要是指牧场的单体规模，一个牧场里面养4万头牛。”安徽华电五河现代牧业60MW光伏发电项目负责人肖军说，“光伏板装在牛棚顶上，还能给牛棚带来一定的降温效果。

B | ”8月20日拍摄的安徽华电五河现代牧业60MW光伏发电项目。(无人机照片)中新社记者赵强摄　　这一项目，正是安徽“光伏+”实践的一个缩影。在合肥市山南镇，总投资5.14亿元(人民币，下同)的渔光互补项目近日开工建设，预计租赁塘口约2600亩、实现年产值约3800万元；在广德市，近2700亩的茶园里敷设了近60万平方米光伏板，每年1.36亿千瓦时的绿电输出，可节约标准煤4万吨，减排二氧化碳超10万吨。　　今年2月发布的《全球风光水发电能力年景预测2026》预测，2026年中国光伏总发电能力将提高约25%。　　“光伏+”的热潮并非安徽独有。近年来，中国越来越多的省份正竞相探索这一赛道。

C | 在江苏丹阳，水台村的农光复合利用项目正加速铺开，该项目每年为该村村集体带来超60万元的净收益；在山东滨州，“渔光一体”现代产业园年均发电量接近4亿千瓦时，年营收超1.6亿元；云南构建起以“茶光、农光、牧光、林光、药光”为主线的“五光”融合发展体系，全面提升土地综合价值。　　在各类“光伏+”应用场景加速落地的背后，是国家层面政策体系的加速构建。7月，中国有关部门联合印发的《可再生能源发展“十五五”规划》提出，持续深化分布式新能源多场景多元化开发，推动与工商业、交通、建筑、农业等场景集成融合发展，加强空间集约复合利用。　　中国国家能源局近日发布数据显示，2026年上半年，中国新能源和可再生能源发展总体保持平稳态势，可再生能源发电装机达到24.55亿千瓦，占全国电力总装机的60.7%，其中风电光伏发电装机约19.5亿千瓦，占比接近一半。

D | 　　据五河县发展和改革委员会能源办公室主任钱得利介绍，该县已开发总体新能源装机规模约120万千瓦。“牧光互补项目实现了畜牧养殖与光伏发电双向收益，希望带动更多畜牧养殖区探索‘光伏+养殖’的绿色发展模式。”　　中国光伏行业协会原秘书长王勃华日前公开表示，光伏行业需摆脱“比规模、拼价格”的传统竞争模式，同时依托全产业链能耗与能效的双重约束，推动光伏产业实现从“规模为王”到“能效领先+技术创新”的关键转型。　　中国科学技术大学光学与光学工程系副研究员、中国光学学会农业光学专业委员会副秘书长张昕昱接受笔者采访时表示，从农业本位来看，“光伏+”的核心是“水-能-粮-碳资源协同最优”。土地首要保障农业生产功能，光伏发电作为附加收益。未来可拓展盐碱地农光互补、育苗光伏等新场景，实现精细化、高值化复合利用。